Europe | Charlemagne

Last of the commies

Local politics, force of habit and canny strategy help Europe’s communists cling on

A PERK OF being locked up by a fascist dictator is that it leaves you with a lot of time on your hands. Altiero Spinelli, an Italian communist, spent the bulk of his youth imprisoned by Benito Mussolini. During one stint of internment in 1941, Spinelli used his spare time to come up with the Ventotene Manifesto, named after the island off Naples to which he was banished. Pieced together on cigarette papers, it provided a socialist blueprint for a federal Europe, earning the communist thinker a legacy as one of the more obscure founding fathers of the EU.

This article appeared in the Europe section of the print edition under the headline “Marx brothers”

The triumph of big government

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